Web EndMemo

Countries in the World
No. Name (sort) Ab
br.		 Area (km2) Population
(sort)		 Languages Spoken (sort)
1 EritreaAfrica er 117600 4851000 Afar, Arabic, Tigre and Kunama, Tigrinya, other Cushitic languages
2 KosovoEurope ks 10887 2120000 Albanian
3 AlbaniaEurope al 28748 3170000 Albanian (Tosk is the official dialect), Greek
4 EthiopiaAfrica et 1104300 79221000 Amharic, Tigrigna, Orominga, Guaragigna, Somali, Arabic, English, over 70 others
5 Saudi ArabiaAsia sa 2000000 24735000 Arabic
6 YemenAsia ye 527968 22389000 Arabic
7 MoroccoAfrica ma 446550 31224000 Arabic (official), Berber dialects, French often used for business, government, and diplomacy
8 JordanAsia jo 89342 5924000 Arabic (official), English
9 KuwaitAsia kw 17818 2851000 Arabic (official), English
10 EgyptAfrica eg 1002000 75593000 Arabic (official), English and French widely understood by educated classes
11 OmanAsia om 309500 2595000 Arabic (official), English, Baluchi, Urdu, Indian dialects
12 AlgeriaAfrica dz 2381741 33858000 Arabic (official), French, Berber dialects
13 LebanonAsia lb 10400 4099000 Arabic (official), French, English, Armenian
14 IraqAsia iq 438317 28993000 Arabic (official), Kurdish (official in Kurdish regions), Assyrian, Armenian
15 SudanAfrica sd 2505813 38560000 Arabic (official), Nubian, Ta Bedawie, diverse dialects of Nilotic, Nilo-Hamitic, Sudanic languages, English
16 United Arab EmiratesAsia ae 83600 4380000 Arabic (official), Persian, English, Hindi, Urdu
17 QatarAsia qa 11586 841000 Arabic (official); English a common second language
18 SyriaAsia sy 185180 19929000 Arabic (official); Kurdish, Armenian, Aramaic, Circassian widely understood; French, English somewhat understood
19 TunisiaAfrica tn 163610 10327000 Arabic (official, commerce), French (commerce)
20 ComorosAfrica km 2235 682000 Arabic and French (both official), Shikomoro (Swahili/Arabic blend)
21 BahrainAsia bh 741 760168 Arabic, English, Farsi, Urdu
22 Palestinian TerritoryAsia ps 6020 3761646 Arabic, Hebrew, English
23 LibyaAfrica ly 1759540 6160000 Arabic, Italian, and English widely understood in major cities
24 ArmeniaAsia am 29743 3230100 Armenian 98%, Yezidi, Russian
25 AzerbaijanAsia az 86600 8629900 Azerbaijani Turkic 89%, Russian 3%, Armenian 2%, other 6% (1995 est.)
26 IndonesiaAsia id 1904569 228780000 Bahasa Indonesia (official), English, Dutch, Javanese, and more than 580 other languages and dialects
27 BangladeshAsia bd 143998 158665000 Bangla (official), English
28 BelarusEurope by 208000 9690000 Belorussian (White Russian), Russian, other
29 VanuatuOceania vu 12189 226000 Bislama 23% (a Melanesian pidgin English), English 2%, French 1% (all 3 official); more than 100 local languages 73%
30 NorwayEurope no 323802 4795000 Bokmål Norwegian, Nynorsk Norwegian (both official); small Sami- and Finnish-speaking minorities (Sami is official in six municipalities)
31 Bosnia and HerzegovinaEurope ba 51197 3935000 Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian
32 BulgariaEurope bg 110879 7640238 Bulgarian 85%, Turkish 10%, Roma 4%
33 MyanmarAsia mm 676578 48798000 Burmese, minority languages
34 SpainEurope es 505992 46063500 Castilian Spanish 74% (official nationwide); Catalan 17%, Galician 7%, Basque 2% (each official regionally)
35 AndorraEurope ad 468 83137 Catalán (official), French, Castilian, Portuguese
36 MalawiAfrica mw 118484 13925000 Chichewa 57.2% (official), Chinyanja 12.8%, Chiyao 10.1%, Chitumbuka 9.5%, Chisena 2.7%, Chilomwe 2.4%, Chitonga 1.7%, other 3.6% (1998)
37 TaiwanAsia tw 36188 23007007 Chinese (Mandarin, official), Taiwanese (Min), Hakka dialects
38 ChinaAsia cn 9598094 1327520000 Chinese(official), English(Hongkong), Portuguese(Macao),Tibetan(Tibet), minority languages
39 HaitiN America ht 27750 9598000 Creole and French (both official)
40 CroatiaEurope hr 56594 4435400 Croatian 96% (official), other 4% (including Italian, Hungarian, Czech, Slovak, German)
41 Czech RepublicEurope cz 78867 10424926 Czech
42 DenmarkEurope dk 43094 5506000 Danish, Faroese, Greenlandic (Inuit dialect), German; English is the predominant second language
43 GreenlandN America gl 2166086 58000 Danish,Greenlandic (Inuit dialect)
44 AfghanistanAsia af 652090 27145000 Dari Persian, Pashtu (both official), other Turkic and minor languages
45 BelgiumEurope be 30528 10666866 Dutch (Flemish) 60%, French 40%, German less than 1% (all official)
46 SurinameS America sr 163820 458000 Dutch (official), Surinamese (lingua franca), English widely spoken, Hindustani, Javanese
47 ArubaN America aw 180 104000 Dutch and Papiamento
48 NetherlandsEurope nl 41543 16480565 Dutch, Frisian (both official)
49 Netherlands AntillesN America an 800 192000 Dutch,English,Netherlands Antilles Creole, Papiamentu
50 BhutanAsia bt 38394 658000 Dzongkha (official), Tibetan dialects (among Bhotes), Nepalese dialects (among Nepalese)
51 BarbadosN America bb 430 294000 English
52 GuamOceania gu 549 173000 English
53 Virgin Islands (U.S.)N America vi 347 111000 English
54 BermudaN America bm 54 65000 English
55 Saint Kitts and NevisN America kn 261 50000 English
56 Cayman IslandsN America ky 264 47000 English
57 Virgin Islands (British)N America vg 151 23000 English
58 AnguillaN America ai 91 13000 English
59 Tristan da CunhaAfrica xb 98 7313 English
60 Saint HelenaAfrica sh 122 6600 English
61 Falkland IslandsS America fk 12173 3000 English
62 Ascension IslandAfrica ac 88 1100 English
63 DominicaN America dm 751 67000 English (official) and French patois
64 GhanaAfrica gh 238533 23478000 English (official), African languages (including Akan, Moshi-Dagomba, Ewe, and Ga)
65 GuyanaS America gy 214969 738000 English (official), Amerindian dialects, Creole, Hindi, Urdu
66 BahamasN America bs 13943 331000 English (official), Creole (among Haitian immigrants)
67 FijiOceania fj 18274 827900 English (official), Fijian, Hindustani
68 Saint LuciaN America lc 539 165000 English (official), French patois
69 GrenadaN America gd 344 106000 English (official), French patois
70 UgandaAfrica ug 241038 30884000 English (official), Ganda or Luganda, other Niger-Congo languages, Nilo-Saharan languages, Swahili, Arabic
71 NigeriaAfrica ng 923768 148093000 English (official), Hausa, Yoruba, Ibo, Fulani, and more than 200 others
72 Trinidad and TobagoN America tt 5130 1333000 English (official), Hindi, French, Spanish, Chinese
73 KiribatiOceania ki 726 95000 English (official), I-Kiribati (Gilbertese)
74 Antigua and BarbudaN America ag 442 85000 English (official), local dialects
75 GambiaAfrica gm 11295 1709000 English (official), Mandinka, Wolof, Fula, other indigenous
76 Sierra LeoneAfrica sl 71740 5866000 English (official), Mende (southern vernacular), Temne (northern vernacular), Krio (lingua franca)
77 ZimbabweAfrica zw 390757 13349000 English (official), Shona, Ndebele (Sindebele), numerous minor tribal dialects
78 BelizeN America bz 22966 288000 English (official), Spanish, Mayan, Garifuna (Carib), Creole
79 KenyaAfrica ke 580367 37538000 English (official), Swahili (national), and numerous indigenous languages
80 ZambiaAfrica zm 752618 11922000 English (official); major vernaculars: Bemba, Kaonda, Lozi, Lunda, Luvale, Nyanja, Tonga; about 70 other indigenous languages
81 Solomon IslandsOceania sb 28896 506992 English 1%–2% (official), Melanesian pidgin (lingua franca), 120 indigenous languages
82 BotswanaAfrica bw 582000 1882000 English 2% (official), Setswana 78%, Kalanga 8%, Sekgalagadi 3%, other (2001)
83 LiberiaAfrica lr 111369 3750000 English 20% (official), some 20 ethnic-group languages
84 CanadaN America ca 9984670 33442800 English 59.3%, French 23.2% (both official); other 17.5%
85 NamibiaAfrica na 824292 2074000 English 7% (official), Afrikaans is common language of most of the population and of about 60% of the white population, German 32%; indigenous languages: Oshivambo, Herero, Nama
86 AustraliaOceania au 7692024 21500322 English 79%, native and other languages
87 United StatesN America us 9629091 305777000 English 82%, Spanish 11% (2000)
88 MauritiusAfrica mu 2040 1262000 English less than 1% (official), Creole 81%, Bojpoori 12%, French 3% (2000)
89 Micronesia, Federated States ofOceania fm 702 111000 English(official), Chukese, Pohnpeian, Yapase, other languages.
90 Northern Mariana IslandsAsia mp 464 84000 English(official),Chamorro, Carolinian (86%)
91 Turks and Caicos IslandsN America tc 948 26000 English, Bahamian Creole
92 Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesN America vc 389 120000 English, French patois
93 GuernseyEurope gg 78 65726 English, French,Dgèrnésiais,Sercquiais,Auregnais
94 IrelandEurope ie 70273 4422100 English, Irish (Gaelic) (both official)
95 JamaicaN America jm 10991 2714000 English, Jamaican Creole
96 New ZealandOceania nz 270467 4288400 English, Maori (both official)
97 MontserratN America ms 102 5900 English, Montserrat Creole
98 Norfolk IslandOceania nf 36 1828 English, Norfolk
99 Puerto RicoN America pr 8870 3991000 English, Puerto Rican Sigh, Spanish
100 LesothoAfrica ls 30355 2008000 English, Sesotho (both official); Zulu, Xhosa
101 SwazilandAfrica sz 17364 1141000 English, siSwati (both official)
102 GibraltarEurope gi 6 28875 English, Spanish
103 TokelauOceania tk 12 1400 English, Tokelauan
104 United KingdomEurope uk 242900 61186000 English, Welsh, Scots Gaelic
105 JerseyEurope je 116 89300 English,French,Jèrriais
106 Cook IslandsOceania ck 236 20200 English,Penrhyn, Pukapuka,Rakahanga-Manihiki, Rarotongan
107 PitcairnOceania pn 5 50 English,Pitcairn-Norfolk
108 Samoa (U.S.)Oceania as 199 67000 English,Samoan
109 EstoniaEurope ee 45228 1340600 Estonian 67% (official), Russian 30%, other (2000)
110 Faroe IslandsEurope fo 1393 48839 Faroese, Danish
111 PhilippinesAsia ph 300000 90457200 Filipino (based on Tagalog), English (both official); eight major dialects: Tagalog, Cebuano, Ilocano, Hiligaynon or Ilonggo, Bicol, Waray, Pampango, and Pangasinense
112 FinlandEurope fi 338145 5325223 Finnish 92%, Swedish 6% (both official); small Sami- (Lapp) and Russian-speaking minorities
113 French PolynesiaOceania pf 4000 259596 French
114 Saint Pierre and MiquelonN America pm 242 6125 French
115 Cote D'Ivoire (Ivory Coast)Africa ci 322463 19262000 French (official) and African languages (Dioula esp.)
116 MaliAfrica ml 1240192 12337000 French (official), Bambara 80%, numerous African languages
117 MonacoEurope mc 1.95 33000 French (official), English, Italian, Monégasque
118 GabonAfrica ga 267668 1331000 French (official), Fang, Myene, Nzebi, Bapounou/Eschira, Bandjabi
119 BeninAfrica bj 112622 9033000 French (official), Fon, Yoruba, tribal languages
120 NigerAfrica ne 1267000 14226000 French (official), Hausa, Djerma
121 Congo, Democratic Republic ofAfrica cd 2344858 62636000 French (official), Lingala, Kingwana, Kikongo, Tshiluba
122 CongoAfrica cg 342000 3768000 French (official), Lingala, Monokutuba, Kikongo, many local languages and dialects
123 GuineaAfrica gn 245857 9370000 French (official), native tongues (Malinké, Susu, Fulani)
124 Central African RepublicAfrica cf 622984 4343000 French (official), Sangho (lingua franca, national), tribal languages
125 Burkina FasoAfrica bf 274222 14784000 French (official); native African (Sudanic) languages 90%
126 SenegalAfrica sn 196722 12379000 French (official); Wolof, Pulaar, Jola, Mandinka
127 TogoAfrica tg 56785 6585000 French (official, commerce); Ewé, Mina (south); Kabyé, Dagomba (north); and many dialects
128 FranceEurope fr 551500 64473140 French 100%, rapidly declining regional dialects (Provençal, Breton, Alsatian, Corsican, Catalan, Basque, Flemish)
129 DjiboutiAfrica dj 23200 833000 French and Arabic (both official), Somali, Afar
130 ChadAfrica td 1284000 10781000 French, Arabic (both official); Sara; more than 120 languages and dialects
131 New CaledoniaOceania nc 18575 244600 French, Austronesian dialect
132 CameroonAfrica cm 475442 18549000 French, English (both official); 24 major African language groups
133 Wallis and FutunaOceania wf 142 15000 French, Futuna, Wallisian
134 French GuianaS America gf 90000 209000 French, Guianese Creole
135 MartiniqueN America mq 1102 401000 French, Martinique Creole
136 ReunionAfrica re 2510 793000 French, Reunionnaise Creole
137 GuadeloupeN America gp 1705 451000 French,Creole patios
138 GeorgiaAsia ge 69700 4382100 Georgian 71% (official), Russian 9%, Armenian 7%, Azerbaijani 6%, other 7% (Abkhaz is the official language in Abkhazia)
139 GermanyEurope de 357022 82142000 German
140 AustriaEurope at 83871 8340924 German (official nationwide); Slovene, Croatian, Hungarian (each official in one region)
141 LiechtensteinEurope li 160 35365 German (official), Alemannic dialect
142 SwitzerlandEurope ch 41284 7676500 German 64%, French 20%, Italian 7% (all official); Romansch 0.5% (national)
143 GreeceEurope gr 131957 11215000 Greek 99% (official), English, French
144 CyprusAsia cy 9251 794600 Greek, Turkish (both official); English
145 MauritaniaAfrica mr 1025520 3124000 Hassaniya Arabic (official), Pulaar, Soninke, French, Wolof
146 Western SaharaAfrica eh 266000 480000 Hassaniya Arabic, Moroccan Arabic
147 IsraelAsia il 22072 7337000 Hebrew (official), Arabic, English
148 IndiaAsia in 3287263 1141220000 Hindi 30%, English, Bengali, Gujarati, Kashmiri, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Punjabi, Tamil, Telugu, Urdu, Kannada, Assamese, Sanskrit, Sindhi (all official); Hindi/Urdu; 1,600+ dialects
149 IcelandEurope is 103000 320169 Icelandic, English, Nordic languages, German widely spoken
150 South AfricaAfrica za 1221037 47850700 IsiZulu 23.8%, IsiXhosa 17.6%, Afrikaans 13.3%, Sepedi 9.4%, English 8.2%, Setswana 8.2%, Sesotho 7.9%, Xitsonga 4.4%, other 7.2% (2001)
151 San MarinoEurope sm 61 30800 Italian
152 ItalyEurope it 301318 59619290 Italian (official); German-, French-, and Slovene-speaking minorities
153 VaticanEurope va 0.44 800 Italian, Latin, French, various other languages
154 JapanAsia jp 377915 127690000 Japanese
155 KazakhstanAsia kz 2724900 15422000 Kazak (Qazaq, state language) 64%; Russian (official, used in everyday business) 95% (2001 est.)
156 CambodiaAsia kh 181035 13388910 Khmer 95% (official), French, English
157 RwandaAfrica rw 26338 9725000 Kinyarwanda, French, and English (all official); Kiswahili in commercial centers
158 BurundiAfrica bi 27834 8508000 Kirundi and French (official), Swahili
159 Korea (North)Asia kp 120538 23790000 Korean
160 Korea (South)Asia kr 99678 48224000 Korean, English widely taught
161 KyrgyzstanAsia kg 199951 5317000 Kyrgyz, Russian (both official)
162 LaosAsia la 236800 5859000 Lao (official), French, English, various ethnic languages
163 LatviaEurope lv 64589 2268000 Latvian 58% (official), Russian 38%, Lithuanian, other (2000)
164 LithuaniaEurope lt 65300 3361100 Lithuanian 82% (official), Russian 8%, Polish 6% (2001)
165 LuxembourgEurope lu 2586 483800 Luxermbourgish (national) French, German (both administrative)
166 MacedoniaEurope mk 25713 2045200 Macedonian 67%, Albanian 25% (both official); Turkish 4%, Roma 2%, Serbian 1% (2002)
167 HungaryEurope hu 93028 10035000 Magyar (Hungarian) 94%, other 6%
168 MadagascarAfrica mg 587041 19683000 Malagasy and French (both official)
169 BruneiAsia bn 5765 390000 Malay (official), English, Chinese
170 MalaysiaAsia my 329847 27730000 Malay(official), English, Chinese, Tamil, Telugu, minority languages.
171 MaldivesAsia mv 298 306000 Maldivian Dhivehi (official); English spoken by most government officials
172 MaltaEurope mt 316 410600 Maltese and English (both official)
173 SingaporeAsia sg 699 4839400 Mandarin 35%, English 23%, Malay 14.1%, Hokkien 11.4%, Cantonese 5.7%, Teochew 4.9%, Tamil 3.2%, other Chinese dialects 1.8%, other 0.9% (2000)
174 Isle of ManEurope im 572 80058 Manx Gaelic and English
175 Marshall IslandsOceania mh 181 59000 Marshallese 98% (two major dialects from the Malayo-Polynesian family), English widely spoken as a second language (both official); Japanese
176 MoldovaEurope md 33851 3572700 Moldovan (official; virtually the same as Romanian), Russian, Gagauz (a Turkish dialect)
177 MongoliaAsia mn 1564100 2629000 Mongolian, 90%; also Turkic and Russian (1999)
178 NauruOceania nr 21 10000 Nauruan (official), English
179 NepalAsia np 147181 28196000 Nepali 48% (official), Maithali 12%, Bhojpuri 7%, Tharu 6%, Tamang 5%, others. English spoken by many in government and business (2001)
180 NiueAfrica nu 260 1600 Niuean, English
181 PalauOceania pw 459 20000 Palauan 64.7%, English 9.4%, Filipino, Chinese, other languages.
182 IranAsia ir 1648195 70495782 Persian and Persian dialects 58%, Turkic and Turkic dialects 26%, Kurdish 9%, Luri 2%, Balochi 1%, Arabic 1%, Turkish 1%, other 2%
183 PolandEurope pl 312685 38115967 Polish 98% (2002)
184 Sao Tome and PrincipeAfrica st 964 158000 Portuguese (official)
185 AngolaAfrica ao 1246700 17024000 Portuguese (official), Bantu and other African languages
186 Guinea-BissauAfrica gw 36125 1695000 Portuguese (official), Criolo, African languages
187 PortugalEurope pt 92090 10617600 Portuguese (official), Mirandese (official, but locally used)
188 BrazilS America br 8514877 188200000 Portuguese (official), Spanish, English, French
189 MozambiqueAfrica mz 801590 21397000 Portuguese 9% (official; second language of 27%), Emakhuwa 26%, Xichangana 11%, Elomwe 8%, Cisena 7%, Echuwabo 6%, other Mozambican languages 32% (1997)
190 Cape VerdeAfrica cv 4033 530000 Portuguese, Criuolo
191 RomaniaEurope ro 238391 21528600 Romanian (official), Hungarian, German
192 RussiaEurope ru 17098242 141900000 Russian, others
193 SamoaOceania ws 2831 188540 Samoan, English
194 SerbiaEurope sp 88361 9527100 Serbian (official)
195 MontenegroEurope me 13812 620000 Serbian/Montenegrin (Ijekavian dialect—official)
196 SeychellesAfrica sc 455 87000 Seselwa Creole 92%, English 5%, French (all official) (2002)
197 Sri LankaAsia lk 65610 19299000 Sinhala 74% (official and national), Tamil 18% (national), other 8%; English is commonly used in government and spoken competently by about 10%
198 SlovakiaEurope sk 49035 5404784 Slovak 84% (official), Hungarian 11%, Roma 2%, Ukrainian 1% (2001)
199 SloveniaEurope si 20273 2041050 Slovenian 91%, Serbo-Croatian 5% (2002)
200 SomaliaAfrica so 637657 8699000 Somali (official), Arabic, English, Italian
201 ColombiaS America co 1138914 44660000 Spanish
202 ChileS America cl 756102 16833000 Spanish
203 CubaN America cu 109886 11268000 Spanish
204 Dominican RepublicN America do 48310 9760000 Spanish
205 HondurasN America hn 112492 7106000 Spanish (official), Amerindian dialects; English widely spoken in business
206 Costa RicaN America cr 51100 4468000 Spanish (official), English
207 PanamaN America pa 75517 3343000 Spanish (official), English 14%, many bilingual
208 ArgentinaS America ar 2780400 39745613 Spanish (official), English, Italian, German, French
209 VenezuelaS America ve 912050 28068389 Spanish (official), numerous indigenous dialects
210 EcuadorS America ec 283561 13867761 Spanish (official), Quechua, other Amerindian languages
211 GuatemalaN America gt 108889 13354000 Spanish 60%, Amerindian languages 40% (23 officially recognized Amerindian languages, including Quiche, Cakchiquel, Kekchi, Mam, Garifuna, and Xinca)
212 NicaraguaN America ni 120340 5603000 Spanish 98% (official); English and indigenous languages on Atlantic coast (1995)
213 Equatorial GuineaAfrica gq 28051 507000 Spanish, French (both official); pidgin English, Fang, Bubi, Ibo
214 ParaguayS America py 406752 6127000 Spanish, Guaraní (both official)
215 El SalvadorN America sv 21041 6857000 Spanish, Nahua (among some Amerindians)
216 UruguayS America uy 176215 3340000 Spanish, Portunol, or Brazilero
217 PeruS America pe 1285216 28750770 Spanish, Quéchua (both official); Aymara; many minor Amazonian languages
218 BoliviaS America bo 1098581 9525000 Spanish, Quechua, Aymara (all official)
219 MexicoN America mx 1964375 106682500 Spanish, various Mayan, Nahuatl, and other regional indigenous languages
220 TanzaniaAfrica tz 945087 40454000 Swahili, English (both official); Arabic; many local languages
221 SwedenEurope se 531796 9242595 Swedish, small Sami- and Finnish-speaking minorities
222 TajikistanAsia tj 143100 6736000 Tajik (official), Russian widely used in government and business
223 East TimorAsia tp 14874 1155000 Tetum, Portuguese (official); Bahasa Indonesia, English; other indigenous languages, including Tetum, Galole, Mambae, and Kemak
224 ThailandAsia th 513120 63038247 Thai (Siamese), English (secondary language of the elite), ethnic and regional dialects
225 Papua New GuineaOceania pg 462840 6331000 Tok Pisin (Melanesian Pidgin, the lingua franca), Hiri Motu (in Papua region), English 1%–2%; 715 indigenous languages
226 TongaOceania to 747 100000 Tongan (an Austronesian language), English
227 TurkeyAsia tr 783562 70586256 Turkish (official), Kurdish, Dimli, Azeri, Kabardian
228 TurkmenistanAsia tm 488100 4965000 Turkmen 72%; Russian 12%; Uzbek 9%, other 7%
229 TuvaluOceania tv 26 11000 Tuvaluan, English, Samoan, Kiribati (on the island of Nui)
230 UkraineEurope ua 603500 46191022 Ukrainian 67%, Russian 24%, Romanian, Polish, Hungarian
231 PakistanAsia pk 796095 164982000 Urdu 8%, English (both official); Punjabi 48%, Sindhi 12%, Siraiki (a Punjabi variant) 10%, Pashtu 8%, Balochi 3%, Hindko 2%, Brahui 1%, Burushaski, and others 8%
232 UzbekistanAsia uz 447400 27372000 Uzbek 74.3%, Russian 14.2%, Tajik 4.4%, other 7.1%
233 Viet NamAsia vn 331689 87375000 Vietnamese (official); English (increasingly favored as a second language); some French, Chinese, Khmer; mountain area languages (Mon-Khmer and Malayo-Polynesian)